It’s possible to install and use the Linux قذيفة باش on your Windows 10 PC. This is a Linux subsystem that runs on your PC without installing Linux on a virtual machine.
With this Linux Bash shell on Windows 10, you can run various Linux commands and apps (not the graphical ones) on your Windows PC. Also, you have the option to install your favorite Linux distribution, including Ubuntu.
In this guide, we’ll focus on installing Linux’s Ubuntu distribution on Windows 10.
الخطوة 1: تمكين Linux في ميزات Windows
الخطوة الأولى التي يجب القيام بها هي تمكين وتثبيت Windows Subsystem for Linux على جهاز الكمبيوتر الذي يعمل بنظام Windows 10. يمكنك القيام بذلك من لوحة ميزات Windows.
This option only works for the 64-bit versions of Windows 10. Check what bit version your PC runs قبل المتابعة.
إذا كان جهاز الكمبيوتر الخاص بك يعمل بالإصدار 64 بت من Windows 10 ، فاتبع الخطوات التالية:
- Open Control Panel on your PC.
- أختار البرامج في نافذة لوحة التحكم الرئيسية.
- في الشاشة التالية ، حدد تشغيل ميزات ويندوز أو إيقاف تشغيلها من البرامج والميزات والقسم الخاص به.
- في مجلة ميزات Windows النافذة التي تفتح ، قم بالتمرير لأسفل وتمكين النظام الفرعي ويندوز لينكس الخيار.
- أختار OK في الجزء السفلي من النافذة لحفظ التغييرات الخاصة بك.
- سيطلب منك Windows إعادة تشغيل جهاز الكمبيوتر الخاص بك لتنفيذ التغييرات. يختار إعادة التشغيل الآن لإعادة تشغيل جهاز الكمبيوتر الخاص بك.
Step 2: Download and Install a Linux Distribution on Your PC
Now that Windows Subsystem for Linux is installed, download your favorite Linux distribution and install it on your PC. You can install more than one Linux distro available on the Microsoft Store.
We’ll install the Ubuntu distro in the following steps.
- When your PC boots back up after the last step in the above section, open the آبدأ القائمة ، ابحث عن متجر Microsoftوحدد متجر Microsoft في نتائج البحث.
- في مجلة المتجر، حدد بحث at the top-right corner and type أوبونتو. You may enter any other Linux distro name here if you want.
- أختار أوبونتو في نتائج البحث.
- On Ubuntu’s app screen, select تثبيت to install this Linux distribution on your PC. Windows will install this distro as if you’re installing any other Store app.
- Close Microsoft Store when Ubuntu is installed.
Step 3: Configure the Linux Bash Shell on Windows 10
The Linux Bash shell is now installed on your PC, and you’re ready to start using it.
When you run the shell for the first time, it’ll ask you to configure a few options. Here’s how to launch and configure the shell:
- فتح آبدأ القائمة ، ابحث عن أوبونتووحدد أوبونتو في نتائج البحث.
- When Ubuntu opens, it’ll start configuring some of its options automatically. Wait for this to finish.
- عندما ترى أدخل اسم مستخدم UNIX الجديد prompt, type the username you’d like to use with the Bash shell. This username can be different from the one you use with your Windows user account. Then, press أدخل.
- Ubuntu then asks you to create a password for the shell. Type a password and press أدخل.
- Type the password again and press أدخل.
- The window will display various messages. At the bottom of these messages, you’ll see the username you just created and your PC’s name.
- You can now start running Linux commands on your PC.
Step 4: Start Using Linux Bash Shell Commands on Windows 10
The Linux Bash shell is now fully configured, and you can start running your commands in it. If you aren’t sure what commands to start with, the following will give you some ideas.
Note that each command that starts with سودو will require you to enter the password you created in the above section. This is because these commands need admin privileges to run.
1. Update Package List
الأمر: سودو الرابطة بين الحصول على التحديث
This command updates the packages list for your specific Linux distribution. Keep in mind that this command doesn’t actually install any updates; it only updates the list.
2. تثبيت تحديثات البرامج
الأمر: سودو الرابطة بين الحصول على الترقية
Use this command to get updates for the apps installed on your Linux distribution.
3. Install a New Program
الأمر: sudo apt-get install PackageName
This command helps you install a program on your Linux distribution. Replace اسم الحزمة in the command with the name of the program you want to install.
For example, to install وقاحة, you’d use the following command:
sudo apt-get install الجرأة
4. Remove an Installed Program
الأمر: sudo apt-get remove PackageName
To get rid of a program from your Linux distribution, use this command replacing اسم الحزمة with the name of the program you want to remove.
5. Edit a Text File
الأمر: nano FileName.txt
This command opens Ubuntu’s built-in text editor to let you edit the specified file. Make sure to replace اسم الملف with the actual name of the file you want to edit.
6. List the Contents of a Directory
الأمر: ls (that’s a small L)
Use this command to display the contents of your current working directory.
7. Change the Current Directory
الأمر: cd Path
To change your current working directory, run this command replacing مسار with the full path to the directory you want to make your new working directory.
8. Download Files From the Internet
الأمر: رابط wget
You can download files from the internet to your computer with this command. Simply replace the URL in the command with the web address of the file you wish to download.
9. Clear the Terminal Screen
الأمر: واضح
This command clears everything in your Terminal window and lets you start typing commands from scratch. Use this when your Terminal screen is too cluttered.
10. Quit the Terminal
الأمر: خروج
This command closes the Terminal window. Use this when you’ve finished working with your commands.
And those are some of the essential commands you should learn to get started with the Linux Bash shell on your Windows 10 PC. We hope this guide helps you out.