It’s possible to install and use the Linux Черупка на Баш on your Windows 10 PC. This is a Linux subsystem that runs on your PC without installing Linux on a virtual machine.
With this Linux Bash shell on Windows 10, you can run various Linux commands and apps (not the graphical ones) on your Windows PC. Also, you have the option to install your favorite Linux distribution, including Ubuntu.
In this guide, we’ll focus on installing Linux’s Ubuntu distribution on Windows 10.
Стъпка 1: Активирайте Linux във функциите на Windows
Първата стъпка, която трябва да направите, е да активирате и инсталирате подсистема Windows за Linux на вашия компютър с Windows 10. Можете да направите това от панела с функции на Windows.
This option only works for the 64-bit versions of Windows 10. Check what bit version your PC runs преди да продължите.
Ако компютърът ви работи с 64-битова версия на Windows 10, изпълнете следните стъпки:
- Отворете контролния панел на вашия компютър.
- Изберете Програми в главния прозорец на контролния панел.
- На следващия екран изберете Включете Windows изключване на компоненти на от Програми и функции раздел.
- в Функции на Windows прозорец, който се отваря, превъртете надолу и активирайте Подсистема за Windows за Linux опция.
- Изберете OK в долната част на прозореца, за да запазите промените си.
- Windows ще ви помоли да рестартирате компютъра си, за да влязат промените в сила. Изберете Рестартирайте сега за да рестартирате вашия компютър.
Step 2: Download and Install a Linux Distribution on Your PC
Now that Windows Subsystem for Linux is installed, download your favorite Linux distribution and install it on your PC. You can install more than one Linux distro available on the Microsoft Store.
We’ll install the Ubuntu distro in the following steps.
- When your PC boots back up after the last step in the above section, open the Начало меню, потърсете Microsoft Store, и изберете Microsoft Store в резултатите от търсенето.
- в Магазинизберете Търсене at the top-right corner and type Ubuntu. You may enter any other Linux distro name here if you want.
- Изберете Ubuntu в резултатите от търсенето.
- On Ubuntu’s app screen, select инсталирам to install this Linux distribution on your PC. Windows will install this distro as if you’re installing any other Store app.
- Close Microsoft Store when Ubuntu is installed.
Step 3: Configure the Linux Bash Shell on Windows 10
The Linux Bash shell is now installed on your PC, and you’re ready to start using it.
When you run the shell for the first time, it’ll ask you to configure a few options. Here’s how to launch and configure the shell:
- Отворете Начало меню, потърсете Ubuntu, и изберете Ubuntu в резултатите от търсенето.
- When Ubuntu opens, it’ll start configuring some of its options automatically. Wait for this to finish.
- Когато видите Въведете ново потребителско име за UNIX prompt, type the username you’d like to use with the Bash shell. This username can be different from the one you use with your Windows user account. Then, press Въведете.
- Ubuntu then asks you to create a password for the shell. Type a password and press Въведете.
- Type the password again and press Въведете.
- The window will display various messages. At the bottom of these messages, you’ll see the username you just created and your PC’s name.
- You can now start running Linux commands on your PC.
Step 4: Start Using Linux Bash Shell Commands on Windows 10
The Linux Bash shell is now fully configured, and you can start running your commands in it. If you aren’t sure what commands to start with, the following will give you some ideas.
Note that each command that starts with Sudo will require you to enter the password you created in the above section. This is because these commands need admin privileges to run.
1. Update Package List
Command: Sudo актуализация ап-да
This command updates the packages list for your specific Linux distribution. Keep in mind that this command doesn’t actually install any updates; it only updates the list.
2. Инсталирайте софтуерни актуализации
Command: ап-получите ъпгрейд
Use this command to get updates for the apps installed on your Linux distribution.
3. Install a New Program
Command: sudo apt-get install PackageName
This command helps you install a program on your Linux distribution. Replace Име на пакета in the command with the name of the program you want to install.
For example, to install дързост, you’d use the following command:
sudo apt-get инсталиране дързост
4. Remove an Installed Program
Command: sudo apt-get remove PackageName
To get rid of a program from your Linux distribution, use this command replacing Име на пакета with the name of the program you want to remove.
5. Edit a Text File
Command: nano FileName.txt
This command opens Ubuntu’s built-in text editor to let you edit the specified file. Make sure to replace Име на файл with the actual name of the file you want to edit.
6. List the Contents of a Directory
Command: ls (that’s a small L)
Use this command to display the contents of your current working directory.
7. Change the Current Directory
Command: cd Path
To change your current working directory, run this command replacing Път with the full path to the directory you want to make your new working directory.
8. Download Files From the Internet
Command: wget url
You can download files from the internet to your computer with this command. Simply replace the URL in the command with the web address of the file you wish to download.
9. Clear the Terminal Screen
Command: изчисти
This command clears everything in your Terminal window and lets you start typing commands from scratch. Use this when your Terminal screen is too cluttered.
10. Quit the Terminal
Command: изход
This command closes the Terminal window. Use this when you’ve finished working with your commands.
And those are some of the essential commands you should learn to get started with the Linux Bash shell on your Windows 10 PC. We hope this guide helps you out.