Does your Windows PC shut down or restart without warning? There are several potential causes behind that. For example, it could be a software/hardware conflict, overheating, or hard drive error. This troubleshooting guide will outline multiple solutions to fix auto-shutdowns and restarts in Windows 10/11.
If your computer shuts down constantly, you must spusťte počítač v nouzovém režimu or use the system recovery options in WinRE to work on the fixes below.
1. Check the Task Scheduler
If your computer shuts down automatically but only at a specific time of the day, that’s probably due to a scheduled task that you or a third-party program created. To check:
- Otevřete V nabídce Start, typ Úkol Plánovač, a stiskněte tlačítko vstoupit.
- Review your computer’s list of scheduled tasks under Úkol Plánovač (Thư viện).
- Right-click any tasks that force your PC to shut down or restart and select Zakázat.
2. Zakažte rychlé spuštění
Rychlé spuštění is a Windows power management feature that hibernates the kernel (the operating system’s core) to speed up your PC during a cold start. However, it can destabilize the system.
Zakázání rychlého spuštění:
- Otevřete Ovládací panely systému Windows a zvolte Hardware a zvuk > Možnosti napájení > Choose what the tlačítka napájení do.
- vybrat Změnit nastavení které momentálně nejsou k dispozici.
- Zrušte zaškrtnutí políčka vedle Zapněte rychlé spuštění (doporučeno).
- vybrat Uložit změny.
- Otevřete V nabídce Start a zvolte Power > Uzavřít.
- Restartujte počítač.
3. Update Windows to Its Latest Version
Specific versions of Windows contain severe bugs and issues that cause significant problems with particular hardware and software configurations. Install the latest operating system updates to fix them.
- Otevřete V nabídce Start a zvolte Nastavení.
- vybrat Windows Update.
- vybrat Zkontrolovat aktualizace. If there’s a new update, select Stáhnout a nainstalovat.
4. Update Your Computer’s Drivers
Zastaralý hardware device drivers are a common problem behind a computer that shuts down or restarts randomly. Use a nástroj pro aktualizaci ovladačů jako Ovladač řidiče to update your computer’s drivers.
Additionally, use Windows Update to install Microsoft-verified hardware drivers and updates. To do that:
- Otevřete V nabídce Start a zvolte Nastavení.
- vybrat Aktualizace systému Windowse.
- Jít do Pokročilé volby > Volitelné aktualizace and install all pending driver updates.
5. Vrátit zpět ovladače
Rarely, new driver updates can introduce issues and break down the system. Microsoft knows that, which is why you have the option to roll them back.
For example, if the problem occurred after updating your graphics card driver:
- Klepněte pravým tlačítkem myši na ikonu V nabídce Start a zvolte Device Manager.
- Expand the driver category—Grafické adaptéry.
- Right-click the graphics card driver and select Nemovitosti.
- Přepněte na Řidič Karta.
- vybrat Roll Back Driver.
6. Run the SFC and DISM Tools
Windows comes with two command-line tools—System File Checker and DISM—that can scan and fix system file corruption.
Open an elevated Command Prompt console—type cmd into the Start menu and select Otevřít jako správce—and run the following commands one after the other:
sfc / scannow
DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-Image /Restorehealth
SFC and DISM scans take a long time to complete. If the progress percentage indicator gets stuck, do not do anything; it should resume eventually.
7. Spusťte CHKDSK
Dále spusťte CHKDSK (Check Disk) utility to fix HDD/SSD errors in the system partition. Again, open an elevated Command Prompt console and run the following command:
chkdsk c: / r
CHKDSK only runs at computer startup, so press Y to schedule the scan the next time you reboot your computer.
8. Troubleshoot BSOD Errors
If your computer crashes and restarts into a Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) screen, it will continue to repeat that until you diagnose and troubleshoot it with the appropriate fixes.
Start by noting down the stop code related to the BSOD error—e.g., Memory_Management, Kernel_Security_Check_Failure, Driver_Overran_Stack_Buffer, etc. Then, refer to our complete BSOD troubleshooting guide to learn what you must do next.
9. Zkontrolujte, zda neobsahuje škodlivý software
Malicious software and potentially unwanted programs (or PUPs) can wreak havoc on the operating system and trigger unexpected shutdowns and restarts.
If the problem persists, you must scan your computer for potential malware. Windows Defender isn’t likely to do any good po a severe infection, so your best option is to rely on a third-party virus removal utility.
For example, the free versions of BitDefender Antivirus a Malwarebytes are extremely effective at detecting malware. Download either one, run a quick scan, and then follow up with a full scan.
10. Zajistěte dostatečné větrání
Inadequate ventilation leads to overheating, forcing your computer to shut down to cool itself. For example, if you use a laptop, avoid using it on soft surfaces—cushions, bed covers, etc.—that could plug up its ventilation holes. Also, check and clean the CPU or laptop casing to ensure nothing is blocking the airflow.
11. Proveďte obnovení systému
If the shutdowns and restarts persist, roll back Windows to a time when it did not shut down or restart automatically. Assuming that Obnovení systému is active on your computer, you must:
- Stisknout Windows + R pro otevření Run. Poté zadejte Rstrui do Otevřená pole a vyberte OK.
- Pick a restore point and select Prohledávání postižených programů to identify the changes to expect if you decide to go ahead.
- vybrat další and follow the onscreen instructions to revert your computer to the restore point.
12. Spusťte test paměti
Faulty RAM (random access memory) modules are another reason for random shutdowns and restarts. Windows comes with a built-in Windows Memory Diagnostic tool you can run to scan for bad memory.
- Styl Windows Memory Diagnostic into the Start menu and select Otevřená.
- vybrat Restartujte nyní a zkontrolujte problémy (doporučeno).
- Wait until Windows Memory Diagnostic reboots your computer and tests it for memory problems.
For comprehensive step-by-step instructions and alternative methods, check our guide to testing a Windows PC for bad memory.
13. Reset/Update the BIOS or UEFI
Outdated or incorrectly configured motherboard firmware—the BIOS or UEFI—creates stability issues. Check if the BIOS potřebuje aktualizaci or revert it to its default settings.
14. Factory-Reset or Reinstall Windows
If none of the fixes above help, you must reset Windows to its default settings. Zálohujte si počítač, a pak:
- Otevřete aplikaci Nastavení a vyberte Systém > Obnova.
- vybrat Obnovit PC.
- vybrat Uchovávejte své soubory (if you want to keep personal files intact) or Odstraňte vše.
If that fails, you must remove and reinstall Windows from scratch.
15. Získejte odbornou pomoc
If the problem persists and your computer continues to shut down and restart automatically, you might be dealing with a faulty hardware component or a defective power supply unit. Visit your local PC repair shop and let a technician take a look at it.