The Task Manager is a powerful cửa sổ 11 utility that provides detailed real-time information about the software and hardware on your PC. It’s also indispensable when troubleshooting applications, monitoring hardware resource usage, and managing startup programs.
In this in-depth guide and overview, you’ll learn everything you need to know about the Task Manager in Windows 11, including ways to use it effectively.
Opening the Windows 11 Task Manager
In Windows 11, you can launch the Task Manager just like any other program by selecting Bắt đầu > Tất cả các ứng dụng > Công cụ Windows > Task Manager. However, the most convenient way to invoke it is through the Power User menu (right-click the Bắt đầu và chọn Task Manager).
If you prefer keyboard shortcuts, pressing Ctrl + sự thay đổi + Esc will quickly bring up the Task Manager. If the operating system appears stuck, you can still get to it by pressing Ctrl + Khác + Xóa bỏ (which opens Windows 11’s Security Screen) and then selecting Task Manager.
The Default Task Manager
The Windows 11 Task Manager appears as a stripped-down version of the full user interface by default. It’s tiny, features no menu options, and simply shows a list of active apps on your computer.
You can choose any app within the list and forcibly shut it down by selecting the Kết thúc nhiệm vụ button. That’s the quickest way to quit unresponsive programs.
Right-clicking any app within the list also reveals multiple contextual options as follows:
- Chuyển sang: Immediately brings the app into focus.
- End task: Forcibly shuts down the app. It’s the same as selecting the Kết thúc nhiệm vụ .
- Cung cấp phản hồi: Provide feedback to Microsoft.
- Tạo tệp kết xuất: Generate a dump (.DMP) file of the program, which is often requested by support engineers for troubleshooting purposes. You can also analyze dump files yourself.
- Run new task: Launch a new program, folder, or document with or without elevated privileges in Windows.
- Luôn luôn trên đầu trang: Place the Task Manager on top of other apps. This option also works in expanded view, which then helps you track resource usage in real-time.
- Đi đến chi tiết: Automatically select the executable file related to the program within the Details tab in the expanded view.
- Mở vị trí file: Opens the directory of the program’s main executable file in a File Explorer window.
- Tìm kiếm trực tuyến: Perform an online search using Bing. If you don’t recognize a program, use this option to learn more about it.
- Bất động sản: Brings up the program executable’s Properties dialog box. You can then check or modify its general, compatibility, and security settings and view additional details such as the version, publisher, etc.
The Expanded Task Manager
Chọn hình ba gạch Thêm các chi tiết button at the bottom left corner to expand the Task Manager’s user interface. You can always select Fewer details to go back to the stripped-down version whenever you want.
The expanded Task Manager consists of multiple tabs—Quy trình (Mặc định), HIỆU QUẢ, Lịch sử ứng dụng, Khởi động, Người dùng, Chi tiếtvà DỊCH VỤ. You can change the default tab that appears when you open Task Manager by selecting Các lựa chọn > Đặt tab mặc định trên thanh menu.
Task Manager – Tab Overview
You’ll go through each tab in more detail below, but here’s a brief overview:
- Quy trình: Offers a rundown of all active, background, and Windows processes on your computer, including performance stats per process.
- Hiệu suất: Provides real-time monitoring of the CPU (bộ phận xử lý trung tâm), memory, storage drive, network adapter, and video card.
- App History: Displays the resource usage history of Microsoft Store apps (default view) and traditional programs (optional).
- Khởi nghiệp: Lists programs that launch at startup and the related performance impact on your PC.
- Người sử dụng: Displays the processes and resource usage on your computer for each user.
- Chi tiết: Provides a comprehensive list of processes and the relevant executable files in traditional format.
- Dịch vụ: Features native and third-party services, along with options to start, stop, and restart them.
Task Manager – Menu Options
In the expanded view, you’ll find a list of menu options to the top of the Task Manager—Tập tin, Các lựa chọnvà Xem.
- Tập tin > Chạy nhiệm vụ mới: Open a program, folder, or document with or without administrative privileges.
- Tập tin > Ra: Exit the Task Manager.
- Các lựa chọn > Luôn luôn trên đầu trang: Keep the Task Manager on top of other windows.
- Các lựa chọn > Minimize on use: Hide the Task Manager while using the Chuyển sang right-click option on an app or process.
- Các lựa chọn > Hide when minimized: Hide the Task Manager in the system tray while minimizing it.
- Các lựa chọn > Đặt tab mặc định: Change the default tab that you see each time you open the Task Manager.
- Các lựa chọn > Show full account name: Display each user’s entire account name (profile and email ID) under the Users tab.
- Các lựa chọn > Show history for all processes: Reveal the history for both Microsoft Store apps and non-Store apps under the App History tab.
- Xem > Làm mới ngay bây giờ: Immediately refresh all tabs within the Task Manager.
- Xem > Cập nhật tốc độ: Determine the Task Manager’s refresh speed—Cao, bình thường (mặc định), hoặc Thấp. Lựa chọn Tạm dừng lets you stop all updates.
- Xem > Nhóm theo loại: Group or ungroup processes under the Processes tab.
- Xem > Mở rộng tất cả: Expand all processes to reveal sub-processes under the Processes tab.
- Xem > Thu gọn tất cả: Collapse all expanded processes under the Processes tab.
The Processes Tab
The Processes tab in the Windows 11 Task Manager features a list of live processes on your PC, along with real-time usage stats under separate columns.
Processes Tab – Name Column
Sản phẩm Apps section at the top of the Họ tên column sports a list of all open programs in Windows 11. The Quy trình nền section features apps that run in the background (e.g., the system tray). A third section—labeled Windows processes—lists processes related to the operating system.
If you want, you can merge the sections list by unchecking Xem > Nhóm theo loại on the Task Manager menu. However, that makes it harder to locate specific apps and processes.
By default, the Task Manager groups and hides the sub-processes related to each program. To reveal them, simply double-click a program’s name or select the tiny arrow icon next to it.
Optionally, use the Xem > Mở rộng tất cả và Thu gọn tất cả menu options to expand and collapse all sub-processes under the Processes tab.
Right-clicking a process reveals multiple options, similar to what you get in the Task Manager’s simplified view. An exception is the integral Windows Explorer process, which features a Khởi động lại tùy chọn thay vì Kết thúc nhiệm vụ. Điều đó cho phép bạn troubleshoot File Explorer-related issues bằng cách khởi động lại nó.
Processes Tab – Other Columns
The Processes tab contains additional columns that provide real-time system resource usage stats and insights for each process and subprocess, along with colors that shift between yellow and red to indicate minor to heavy resource usage.
Sản phẩm CPU, Bộ nhớvà Đĩa columns are arguably the most important since they let you spot programs that consume lots of resources. Selecting a column enables you to sort processes from the most resource-intensive to the least and vice-versa. This can be useful, for example, in figuring out things like which apps are causing the most CPU or Disk activity.
- Tình trạng: Displays a leaf-shaped icon to denote if Windows 11 has suspended the process to conserve power.
- CPU: Current CPU resource consumption of each process in percentage terms. An aggregate value is listed at the top of the column.
- Bộ nhớ: Current memory usage in megabytes for each process, along with the total amount as a percentage at the top.
- disk: Disk usage for each process.
- Network: Live network activity of each process in megabit mỗi giây.
Processes Tab – Additional Columns
Right-clicking any column also gives you the option to activate additional columns:
- Kiểu: Displays the process category—Ứng dụng, Quá trình nền, hoặc là Quy trình Windows.
- Nhà xuất bản: Reveals the publisher of the related program or service—e.g., Microsoft.
- PID: Unique decimal number assigned to each process, helpful in distinguishing between multiple instances of the same program.
- Tên quy trình: This shows the filename and extension of the process.
- Dòng lệnh: Displays the full command line, options, and variables related to the process.
- GPU: GPU activity in percentage terms for each process.
- GPU Engine: Displays the GPU engine in active use by the process—3D, Video Giải mã, video Processing, Vv
- Sử dụng điện: Power consumption of a process on a scale of Rất Thấp, Thấp, Trung bình, Caovà Rất cao tại bất kỳ thời điểm nào.
- Power Usage Trend: Power usage of a process as an average. This is a better indicator since it accounts for time.
- Giá trị tài nguyên: This lets you change the Bộ nhớ, Đĩavà mạng columns to display values instead of percentages.
Tab Hiệu suất
The Performance tab in the Task Manager lets you monitor total real-time utilization of the CPU, memory, disk, network, and GPU in Windows 11. Select each hardware component on the sidebar to view the relevant information.
Performance Tab – CPU
Hiển thị Sử dụng CPU by all processes over 60 seconds on a scale of 0-100. On multi-core CPUs, right-click the graph and select Change graph to > Logical processors to display separate charts for each logical processor. Hovering your cursor over a processor will reveal if the operating system has “parked” it to conserve power.
Underneath the graph, you’ll find the following information:
- Sử dụng: CPU utilization as a percentage.
- Tốc độ: Current speed of the CPU.
- Quy trình: Total number of processes handled by the CPU.
- Chủ đề: Thread count for all processes handled by the CPU.
- Xử lý: Total number of associations with shared resources (files, programs, memory locations, etc.).
- Up thời gian: Time since you last turned on your PC.
The rest consists of general information related to the CPU, such as the processor model, base speed, and virtualization status.
Performance Tab – Memory
Displays total RAM usage in graphical format over 60 seconds on a scale of 0-100. In addition, a separate graph labeled Thành phần bộ nhớ reveals a snapshot of the memory consisting of the following in different shades of color:
- Đang sử dụng: Memory in active use by processes, drivers, and the operating system.
- Thay đổi: Memory that must be written to the disk before it can be repurposed.
- đứng: Memory consisting of cached data not in active use.
- Miễn phí: Memory that’s immediately available for use.
Underneath both graphs, you’ll see the following information as numeric values:
- Đang sử dụng: The amount of memory actively used by processes, drivers, and the operating system.
- Có Sẵn: Memory available for use by the operating system (the sum of the Chế độ chờ và Miễn phí categories in the memory composition graph).
- Cam kết: Displays a couple of values related to the page file in Windows.
- Lưu vào bộ nhớ đệm: The sum of the Thay đổi và Chế độ chờ categories in the memory composition graph.
- Hồ bơi phân trang: Kernel and device driver memory that can be moved from RAM to the page file.
- Nhóm không phân trang: Kernel and device driver memory that must stay in RAM.
The rest is general information about the physical memory modules—speed, the number of RAM slots used, and the form factor.
Performance Tab – Disk
Depending on the number of partitions and removable drives on your PC, you may see multiple disks listed under the sidebar. Each consists of two graphs that display disk utilization over 60 seconds on a scale of 0-100.
Sản phẩm Thời gian hoạt động graph reveals the read and write requests, while the Disk transfer rate graph displays transfer rates between the drive and the operating system.
In addition to general drive-related information such as capacity, model, and type (HDD or SSD), you’ll see the following information:
- Thời gian hoạt động: Percentage of time the disk spends reading or writing data. Higher percentages may indicate bottlenecks (often the case with mechanical hard drives).
- Thời gian phản hồi trung bình: Average amount of time to complete read and write requests.
- tốc độ đọc: The disk drive’s current read speed in kilobytes per second.
- tốc độ ghi: Current write speed of the disk drive in kilobytes per second.
Performance Tab – Wi-Fi/Ethernet
Reveals network information such as the adapter name, SSID, connection type, send and receive speeds (in Kbps), IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, and signal strength.
The graph displays total network utilization by apps and the operating system. Right-clicking the chart and selecting View network details will reveal extra information regarding network activity.
Performance Tab – GPU
Displays the GPU model, utilization, and other information regarding your PC’s video card, such as the amount of dedicated or shared memory and driver version. However, this section may not show up on computers with integrated graphics.
You can switch the default graph to display activity by GPU engine (3D, video Decoding, video Processing, etc.) by right-clicking and selecting Change graph to > Multiple engines.
Chú thích: Windows 11 also includes an advanced hardware monitoring utility dubbed the Resource Monitor. Select Mở giám sát tài nguyên at the bottom of the Performance tab to get to it.
The App History Tab
The Task Manager’s App History tab displays the total CPU and network usage stats for Microsoft Store apps. If you want, you can include non-Store apps within the list by selecting Các lựa chọn > Show history for all processes trên thanh menu.
You can reset the count for all columns by selecting Xóa lịch sử sử dụng ở đầu màn hình.
App History Tab – Default Columns
The App History tab displays the following columns:
- Tên: The name of the program.
- CPU time: The total time the program has utilized the CPU since the last reset.
- Network: The total bandwidth (in megabytes) consumed by the program.
- Metered network: The total amount of data the program has consumed on metered networks.
- Tile updates: Data consumption related to live tile updates in the Start menu. This option is irrelevant since live tiles aren’t present in Windows 11. However, you may still see activity in the column with older apps that attempt to trigger updates in the background.
App History Tab – Additional Columns
Optionally, you can right-click any of the existing columns to activate the following columns:
- Non-metered Network: Total data usage on non-metered networks.
- Tải: Overall data usage related to downloads performed by apps.
- Tải lên: Overall data usage related to uploads performed by apps.
App History Tab – Contextual Options
Right-clicking an app reveals the following options:
- Tìm kiếm trực tuyến: If an app appears unfamiliar, select this option to perform a cursory check online.
- Bất động sản: Open the Properties pane of the app’s main executable file.
The Startup Tab
The Startup tab in the Task Manager lists every app that loads at computer startup. Since multiple start programs can adversely impact the operating system’s performance, you can use this tab to manage them.
Startup Tab – Default Columns
The startup tab lists the following columns:
- Tên: The name of the startup program.
- Nhà xuất bản: The program’s publisher.
- Tình trạng: The program’s status (Kích hoạt or Bị vô hiệu hóa).
- Startup Impact: The startup impact of the program (Low, Normal, High, or Very High).
Startup Tab – Contextual Options
Right-clicking an app reveals the following options:
- Kích hoạt tính năng/Vô hiệu hoá: Enable or disable the startup program.
- Mở vị trí file: Opens the program’s executable file in a File Explorer window.
- Tìm kiếm trực tuyến: Perform a search of the program online.
- Bất động sản: Mở Bất động sản pane of the program’s executable file.
Startup Tab – Additional Columns
You can also right-click an existing column to activate any of the following columns:
- Loại khởi động: The startup source of the program (the system registry or the Startup folder in Windows).
- Disk I/O at startup: The amount of disk activity in megabytes related to the process at startup.
- CPU at startup: The impact on CPU usage at startup.
- Running now: Reveals if the program is running at the moment or not.
- Disabled time: The time since you last disabled the program.
- Dòng lệnh: Displays the program’s command line path, including any options and variables related to it.
The Users Tab
The Users tab in the Task Manager displays a list of all users on your computer. It’s similar to the Processes tab, except that you can view resource usage by user.
Users Tab – Default Columns
You can find the following columns within the tab:
- người sử dang: Lists the names of signed-in users. Double-click a name to reveal all processes related to the user.
- Trạng thái: Displays the status of each process for a user, including if the processes are suspended or not.
Sản phẩm CPU, Bộ nhớ, Đĩa, mạng, GPUvà công cụ GPU are essentially the same compared to what you see on the Processes tab.
Users Tab – Additional Columns
Right-clicking an existing column allows you to activate additional columns:
- ID: The user’s ID.
- Phiên: The session duration of the user.
- Tên khách hàng: The user’s hostname (if the user connects to your PC via a remote connection).
Users Tab – Contextual Options
Right-clicking a user reveals the following contextual actions:
- Mở rộng: Reveal processes related to the user account.
- Kết nối: Switch to the user account by inserting its password.
- Đăng xuất: Forcibly signs off the user and may result in data loss.
- Gửi tin nhắn: Send a message to the user. Enter a title and message and select OK.
- Switch user account: Switch to the user account.
- Quản lý tài khoản người dùng: Opens the User Accounts màn hình trong Bảng điều khiển.
The Details Tab
The Details tab offers an expanded view of all processes on your computer, including those from other user accounts. It’s similar to the Processes tab from the Task Manager in Windows 7 and earlier.
Details Tab – Default Columns
The Details tab is broken down into the following columns:
- Họ tên: Name of the process.
- PID: Unique number assigned to each process.
- Trạng thái: Status of the process—Chạy or Đình chỉ.
- Tên người dùng: What initiated the process—you, another user, the operating system, etc.
- CPU: CPU activity related to the process.
- Bộ nhớ: The amount of memory used in kilobytes.
- Kiến trúc: Architecture of the process – 32 hoặc 64-bit.
You can also activate a host of additional columns by right-clicking an existing column and selecting Enable additional columns. However, these are highly technical and best suited for power users, so we won’t go over them here.
Details Tab – Contextual Options
Right-clicking a process reveals the following options:
- End task: Forcibly shut down the process.
- End process tree: End the entire process tree related to the process. This is similar to ending a group of processes in the Processes tab.
- Đặt mức độ ưu tiên: Determine the priority given by the CPU to the process compared to others. Options include Thời gian thực, Cao, Trên bình thường, bình thường, Bình thường dưới đâyvà Thấp.
- Set affinity: Specify the CPU core or cores used by the process.
- Analyze wait chain: Identify and end other processes that the process is using or waiting to use.
- UAC virtualization: Change the UAC virtualization status. If enabled, it allows processes to write into a virtualized location instead of areas where they don’t have permissions. That could improve compatibility with legacy apps.
- Create dump file: Create a memory dump for troubleshooting purposes.
- Mở vị trí file: Open the executable file’s location.
- Tìm kiếm trực tuyến: Search online for more details about the process or task.
- Bất động sản: Access the executable file’s Properties pane.
- Go to services: Highlight related services within the Services tab.
The Services Tab
The Services tab details every native and third-party service on your PC, such as those related to Windows Update, Bluetooth, the Print Spooler, etc. It lets you start, stop, and restart services.
Services Tab – Default Columns
The services pane consists of the following columns:
- Họ tên: Name of the service.
- PID: Process ID of the service (helpful in identifying the service-related process).
- Mô tả: Brief description of each service.
- Trạng thái: Status of the process (Chạy or Ngừng). Some processes may show up as Bắt đầu if they appear to be stuck.
- Nhóm: Reveals any related group that a service is a part of.
Services Tab – Contextual Options
Right-clicking a service will reveal the following contextual options:
- Bắt đầu: Start the service.
- Bước: Stop the service.
- Khởi động lại: Restart the service.
- Dịch vụ mở: Opens the Services applet (a utility that provides configuration options for each service).
- Tìm kiếm trực tuyến: Search online for details about the service.
- Đi đến chi tiết: Switches to the Details tab and highlights the relevant executable (useful for troubleshooting).
Put the Task Manager to Good Use
The Task Manager in Windows 11 is instrumental in identifying how your PC’s various programs and hardware work. Despite being filled with lots of information and options, however, getting a brief understanding of what it takes to shut down troublesome apps and manage resource-heavy processes alone can positively impact day-to-day usage.